COORDINATE SYSTEM

CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM

A coordinate system is a method for identifying the location of a point on the earth. Most coordinate systems use two numbers, a coordinate, to identify the location of a point. Each of these numbers indicates the distance between the point and some fixed reference point, called the origin.

QUADRANT

FIRST QUADRANT = 0°- 90° ,( X,Y )=( + , + )

SECOND QUADRANT = 90°-180°, ( X,Y )= ( - , + )

THIRD QUADRANT =180°-270°,( X,Y )=( - , - )

FOURTH QUADRANT=270°-360°,( X,Y )=( + ,- )

TYPES OF COORDINATE

ABSOLUTE COORDINATE SYSTEM

INCREMENTAL COORDINATE SYSTEM

POLAR COORDINATE SYSTEM

ABSOLUTE COORDINATE SYSTEM

Absolute coordinates refers to a Cartesian System that uses x-axis, y-axis, and sometimes a z-axis to establish a point some distance from a common origin. For example, the picture's origin point is '0,0' and the absolute coordinate from that point is '8,7' making it 8 along the x-axis and 7 along the y-axis.

EX :- 

P1 :- (x=2 ,y=2 )

P2 :-( x=4 ,y=2 )

P3 :-( x=4 ,y=7 )

P4 :-( x=7 ,y=7 )

P5 :-( x=7 ,y=0 )

P6 :-( x=9 ,y=0 )

P7 :-( x=9 ,y=-6 )

P8 :-( x=0 ,y=-6 )

P9 :-( x=0 ,y=-4 )

P10 :-( x=-6 ,y=-4 )

P11 :-( x=-6 ,y=0 )

P12 :-( x=-3 ,y=0 )

P13 :-( x=-3 ,y=5 )

P14 :-( x=-5 ,y=5 )

P15 :-( x=-5 ,y=7 )

P16 :-( x=-2 ,y=7 )

INCREMENTAL COORDINATE SYSTEM

 In incremental systems, every measurement refers to a previously dimensioned position (point-to-point). Incremental dimensions are the distances between two adjacent points.

P 1:-(x=1 ,y=3 )

P 2:-(x=-2 ,y=-1 )

P 3:-(x=-2.75 ,y=-1.5 )

P 4:-(x=0.75 ,y=-1.5 )

P 5:-(x=-1 ,y=-1 )

P 6:-(x=5 ,y=-0.5 )

P 7:-(x=2 ,y=0.5 )

POLAR COORDINATE SYSTEM

The polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional system where each point is represented as a distance r from the origin (sometimes called the pole) and an angle θ from the positive horizontal axis (sometimes called the polar axis).

KEY TAKEAWAYS

Key Points

• A polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a reference point and an angle from a reference direction.

Key Terms

• radius: A distance measured from the pole.
• angular coordinate: An angle measured from the polar axis, usually counter-clockwise.
• pole: The reference point of the polar graph.

polar axis: A ray from the pole in the reference direction.